Aménagement de l'espace
Topic outline
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Spatial Planning (Aménagement de l'espace)
1st Year Bachelor (L1), Semester 1 | City Management (GV) & Urban Engineering (GU)
Teaching unit: Fundamental | Coefficient: 2 | Credits: 4
Weekly load: Lecture 1h30 + Tutorial (TD) 1h30
Assessment: Continuous assessment 40% + Final exam 60%
Lecturer: Dr. Amir DUHAIR
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Overview
In this first lecture, we present how the course is organized and answer a simple question: why do we need spatial planning? We compare urban planning and spatial planning, and we look at the uneven distribution of population in Algeria.
Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:
- Describe how the course is organized: chapters, schedule and assessment.
- State the course objectives and the expected learning outcomes.
- Distinguish urban planning from spatial planning in scope, time horizon, themes and instruments.
- Explain why Algeria's territory needs spatial planning.
Key terms
Spatial planning · Urban planning · Territory · Planning levels · SNAT · PDAU · POS
Question for reflection
If you were in charge of Algeria's spatial planning, which three measures would you propose first to relieve pressure on the coastal strip? Why?
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Course organization (chapters, schedule, assessment), objectives and learning outcomes; urban planning vs spatial planning (scope, time horizon, themes, instruments); planning levels from the SNAT to the POS; Algerian example: uneven distribution of population (SNAT 2030, 2008 census).
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Same slides as the main file, saved for iPhone and iPad. Use this version if the main file does not open on your device.
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Overview
In this lecture, we define the core concepts of the course: planning, space, territory and region. We then define aménagement and territorial planning, present its three dimensions, and compare regulatory planning with strategic spatial planning.
Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:
- Define planning and identify its determinants and the qualities of a robust plan.
- Define space, territory and region, and distinguish between them.
- Define aménagement and territorial planning, and explain the three dimensions of territorial planning.
- Compare regulatory planning and strategic spatial planning.
Key terms
Planning · Space · Territory · Region · Aménagement · Territorial planning · Strategic spatial planning
Question for reflection
Is the wilaya of Jijel a space, a territory or a region? Show from which angle it is a space and a territory, then discuss: is it a region, or part of one? Use the criteria seen in this lecture.
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Planning: definition, determinants and qualities of a robust plan; space, territory and region compared; a note on terminology; Algerian example: the national territory (69 wilayas, 1,541 communes); aménagement and territorial planning and its three dimensions; regulatory and strategic planning.
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Same slides as the main file, saved for iPhone and iPad. Use this version if the main file does not open on your device.
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Overview
In this lecture, we ask why territorial planning emerged. We trace its founding milestones in the world and in Algeria, review the theories that explained spatial inequalities, and examine how social and spatial inequalities interact. We end with the idea of spatial justice and how planning can promote it.
Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:
- Explain why territorial planning emerged: the growing awareness of spatial inequalities.
- Identify the main milestones of territorial planning in the world and in Algeria.
- Distinguish spatial inequalities from social inequalities and explain how they interact.
- Define spatial justice and describe how planning can promote it.
Key terms
Spatial inequalities · Social inequalities · Spatial justice · Territorial equity · Growth pole · Cumulative causation · Core and periphery · Socio-spatial segregation
Question for reflection
Choose two communes of the wilaya of Jijel that clearly differ in relief, level of urbanization and accessibility (define these first). Which indicators would you use to compare their access to services, and what would spatial justice require?
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Why territorial planning emerged; founding milestones in the world (TVA, Barlow Report, DATAR, European charter, SDG 11); theories of spatial inequalities (Perroux, Myrdal, Friedmann); the colonial legacy and milestones of territorial planning in Algeria; social and spatial inequalities and how to measure them; spatial justice and how planning can advance it.
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Same slides as the main file, saved for iPhone and iPad. Use this version if the main file does not open on your device.
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Overview
In this lecture, we present the general principles of territorial planning and the aims and missions that Law 01-20 sets for the national policy. We then see how planning balances economic, social and environmental objectives, and how it deals with the conflicts between them.
Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:
- Explain the general principles of territorial planning.
- Identify the objectives of territorial planning set by Algerian law (Law 01-20).
- Explain how territorial planning balances economic, social and environmental objectives.
- Recognize the conflicts between these objectives and the ways to manage them.
Key terms
General principles · Balance · Equity · Sustainability · Coherence · Participation · Anticipation · Sensitive zone · Trade-off
Question for reflection
Choose one aim of Law 01-20 (Art. 4). Which other aim could conflict with it in the wilaya of Jijel, and how would you reconcile them?
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Six general principles of territorial planning (balance, equity, sustainability, coherence, participation, anticipation); who conducts the national policy (Law 01-20, Art. 2); its aims (Art. 4) and the missions of the State (Art. 6); the planner’s triangle and how to balance economic, social and environmental objectives; examples of conflicts between objectives.
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Same slides as the main file, saved for iPhone and iPad. Use this version if the main file does not open on your device.
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Overview
In this lecture, we see why planning approaches differ according to the setting. We distinguish urban from rural settlements using Algerian legal and statistical criteria, then present the approaches and actions of planning in the physical, rural and urban settings, and what the regional approach adds to them.
Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:
- Explain why planning approaches differ according to the setting.
- Distinguish urban from rural settlements using Algerian legal and statistical criteria.
- Describe the approaches and actions of planning in the physical, rural and urban settings.
- Explain what the regional approach adds: coordination and balance between settings.
Key terms
Physical setting · Rural setting · Urban setting · Urban agglomeration · Scattered settlement · Urbanization rate · Peri-urban area · Programme region · Metropolis
Question for reflection
Choose a mountain commune of the wilaya of Jijel. Which setting dominates it, and which three planning actions would you give priority to? Justify with the approaches of this lecture.
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Four settings, four approaches; urban and rural in Algeria: legal categories and ONS criteria; the physical setting and knowing the site before planning; the rural setting, its issues and planning actions; the urban setting and the city policy (Law 06-06); urban-rural links and the regional approach that coordinates the settings.
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Same slides as the main file, saved for iPhone and iPad. Use this version if the main file does not open on your device.
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Overview
In this lecture, we see at which scales planning works and how the planning instruments in Algeria are linked by conformity. We distinguish administrative divisions from planning divisions, define the planning area, and present land use and zoning in the PDAU and the POS.
Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:
- Explain why planning works at several scales and what each scale decides.
- Describe the hierarchy of planning instruments in Algeria and the rule of conformity between them.
- Distinguish administrative divisions from planning divisions.
- Define the planning area, and explain land use and zoning in the PDAU and the POS.
Key terms
Planning scale · Territorial division · Territorial collectivity · Programme region · Planning area · Metropolitan area · Land use · Zoning · Servitude
Question for reflection
Take a neighbourhood of Jijel city. Which planning levels concern it, from the national level to the plot? Which approved documents actually cover it, and what does each one decide?
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Planning scales and the question each one answers; the chain of planning instruments (SNAT, SRAT, PATW, PDAU, POS) and conformity between them; administrative divisions and programme regions; the planning area and its administrative or functional perimeter; land use, zoning and the four types of sectors in the PDAU; from the PDAU to the POS.
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Same slides as the main file, saved for iPhone and iPad. Use this version if the main file does not open on your device.
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Overview
In this lecture, we define urbanization and distinguish it from urban growth, urban expansion and urbanism. We see why countries define urban areas differently, learn to calculate and interpret three indicators of urbanization, and distinguish the components of urban growth from the drivers of urbanization. We end with the opportunities and risks of urbanization and the role of planning.
Learning objectives
By the end of this lecture, you will be able to:
- Define urbanization and distinguish it from three related concepts: urban growth, urban expansion and urbanism.
- Explain why the definition of urban areas differs between countries, and how countries can still be compared.
- Calculate and interpret three indicators: urbanization level, average annual change in the urban share and urban growth rate.
- Distinguish the components of urban growth (how does the urban population increase?) from the drivers of urbanization (why do people move to cities?), and explain the role of planning.
Key terms
Urbanization · Urban growth · Urban expansion · Urban sprawl · Urbanism · Urbanization level · Urban growth rate · Natural increase · Net migration · Reclassification · Pull and push factors · Agglomeration economies
Question for reflection
In the wilaya of Jijel, the urbanization level rose from 25.49% (1987) to 61.13% (2008). Does this necessarily mean that many people moved from the countryside to the towns? What else could explain this rise?
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What urbanization is and four concepts not to be confused (urbanization, urban growth, urban expansion, urbanism); what counts as urban in different countries; measuring urbanization with three indicators, with a worked example for Algeria between the 1998 and 2008 censuses; components of urban growth and drivers of urbanization; opportunities and risks of urbanization and the role of planning.
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Same slides as the main file, saved for iPhone and iPad. Use this version if the main file does not open on your device.