ChapVIII_ Endomembrane system (Continued), Compa: Golgi apparatus_2026

The Golgi apparatus is a central organelle of the endomembrane system, usually located near the nucleus and the centrosome. It consists of flattened membrane sacs called cisternae, organized into cis, medial, and trans regions, showing a clear structural and functional polarity.

Proteins and lipids synthesized in the Endoplasmic reticulum are transported to the Golgi, where they undergo major post-translational modifications such as N-glycan processing, O-glycosylation, sulfation, phosphorylation, and proteolytic maturation. The Golgi also synthesizes glycolipids and proteoglycans.