chapter I : THE MAIN THEOREMS OF EUCLIDEAN GEOMETRY

Euclidean geometry, also known as plane geometry or plane Euclidean geometry, is a fundamental branch of mathematics that finds its origins in the magisterial work of Euclid, a Greek mathematician who lived in the 3rd century BC.His exceptional contribution to geometry laid the foundation for a discipline that would profoundly influence mathematical thinking and architecture through the ages. Euclidean geometry is a branch of geometry that focuses on the study of geometric objects in a two-dimensional plane, that is, objects such as points, lines, segments, polygons, and circles, as well as their properties and relationships.It is based on a set of axioms, or basic statements, that serve as foundations for all geometrical deductions. These axioms, as well as other elementary propositions, are at the heart of Euclidean geometry and were carefully presented by Euclid in his work "Elements" (in Greek: "Στοιχεῖα" or "Stoikheîa"). This book, consisting of 13 independent books, is one of the most influential works in the history of mathematics